Ⅶ . 参考答案 21 — 25CBABC 26 — 30DDDCA 31 — 35CBDDC 21 ． Mr. Wang asked us to make preparations for the meeting next week. A ． being held B ． held C ． to be held D ． to hold 22 ． He can’t help but what she was thinking. A ． to wonder B ． wonder C ． wondering D ． wondered 23 ． It’s a waste of time him. He is no longer in charge now. A ． asking B ． to ask C ． asked D ． asks 24 ． By the time he finishes the part-time job, he much work experience. A ． will gain B ． will have gained C ． has gained D ． had gained 25 ． Did it to you that you should phone the police? A ． happen B ． strike C ． occur D ． take place 26 ． Can you imagine that the president of a large firm doesn’t his dress? A ． apply for B ． call for C ． take care D ． care about 27 ． My boss hates interruptions, when he is trying to work. A ． occasionally B ． generally C ． specially D ． especially 28 ． I was about to give up when I a good idea. A ． came about B ． came out C ． put up with D ． came up with 29 ． was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A ． It B ． This C ． What D ． As 30 ．— Do you know about the accident which happened in the center of the city? — Yes. But it was some time we realized the truth. A ． before B ． when C ． since D ． until 31 ．— Have you handed in your school-work yet? — Yes, I have. I guess it now. A ． has graded B ． is graded C ． is being graded D ． is grading 32 ． In the open boat, the four men, was a doctor, met with a storm at sea. A ． one of which B ． one of whom C ． one of them D ． one of who 33 ． It’s fun to see all the food I have made in such a short time. A ． eating B ． to be eaten C ． being eaten D ． eaten 34 ． The key is that, full your schedule is, only when you try really hard always fit some more things into it. A ． however; you can B ． whatever; can you C ． no matter what; can you D ． no matter how; can you 35 ． , and you will work out the problem. A ． If you make a bit more effort B ． Making efforts C ． A bit more effort D ． There being a little effort
Ⅵ . 参考答案 21—25 BABAD 26—30 DBCCB 31—35 DBACC 21. I don' t know whether this is_____ part that she played in Hero, ______ very famous film in our country. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 22. ________ much progress you can make in all your subjects in the future, you should keep modest. A. However B. Whatever C. What D. How 23. I really don' t know for certain_______ they discussed this important problem very secretly. A. where was it that B. where it was that C. where that D. it was where that 24. What made me sad was that I went to see her the day before yesterday _________ her dead on her bed. A. to find B. finding C. found D. find 25. Her money___________ , the lazy middle-aged woman began to steal others' money at crowded places, such as bus stops, stations, airports and ports. A. had run out B. running out C. having been run out D. having run out 26. -- Will they go for an outing today? -- They________, because it seems that the weather is not so fine. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 27. The news ___________ Shenzhou-7 spaceship safely returned from space on September 28th, 2008 excited all the Chinese people. A. which B. that C. / D. what 28. Thinking that her baby was fast asleep, the young mother left the room, _________ . A. quickly and gentle B. quickly and gently C. quick and gentle D. quick and gently 29. _________, he is still as modest as before, which always moves all the people who know him. A. As he is a scientist B. A scientist as he is C. Scientist as he is D. As is he a scientist 30. I thought that the patient could not live through that night, but he survived ___________. A. at all B. after all C. above all D. in turn 31. There are altogether fifty-four students in our class, _________ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village. A. the most diligent of who B. but the most diligent of whom C. the most diligent of them D. of whom the most diligent 32. __________ in the story book that he had bought not long before, the boy didn't notice his mother go into his room. A. Losing B. Lost C. Having lost D. To be lost 33. You must do your homework now; you __________ computer games all the evening. A. have been playing B. play C. are playing D. played 34. -- What a beautiful skirt you are dressed in today! Where did you buy it? -- ___________ ; I bought it in Beijing. A. Not beautiful at all B. Don't mention it C. It is very kind of you to say so D. You're welcome 35. I collected _________ he did for the Hope Project the day before yesterday. A. three times as many money as B. three times much money than C. three times more money than D. three times many more money
21 ． When the government office building was under fire, the crowd got into panic. A ．不填； a B ． the ；不填 C ． a ； the D ． the ； a 22 ．— I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have shouted at you the other day. — . I was a bit out of control myself. A ． That’s right B ． Got it C ． Forget it D ． All right 23 ． Don’t hang around in this district if you can help . A ． that B ． it C ． one D ． so 24 ． in the mountains for a week, we were finally saved by the local police. A ． Having lost B ． Losing C ． Being lost D ． Lost 25 ． He can’t be really reading attentively; he is just pages. A ． turning off B ． turning around C ． turning over D ． turning up 26 ． His joke went too . No wonder you got angry. A ． long B ． far C ． away D ． soon 27 ． With two children middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard. A ． to attend B ． attending C ． attended D ． having attended 28 ． During the long-term cooperation, Mr. Li a smart, honest and trustworthy man. A ． appeared B ． made C ． turned D ． proved 29 ． Miss Jones music at Bardon School for five years when she was abroad and now she is an actress. A ． had taught B ． has taught C ． taught D ． has been teaching 30 ． Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A ． he explained B ． what he explained C ． how he explained D ． why he explained 31 ．— What do you think of the opening ceremony of 2008 Olympic Games? — Wonderful. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much. A ． after B ． since C ． before D ． when 32 ． Under no circumstances to the teacher. A ． is this the first time he has lied B ． this is the first time he has lied C ． is this the first time has he lied D ． this is the first time he is lying 33 ．— Do you still remember when we went to Nanjing? — I can’t remember now but sometime last summer? A ． might it be B ． could it be C ． could it have been D ． should it have been 34 ． Success in money is not always a good of success in life. A ． level B ． medium C ． phenomenon D ． criterion 35 ． The problem of global warming is serious. , the sea levels have risen a little. A ． As a consequence B ． On the contrary C ． In a nutshell D ． In other words
2012 商河弘德中学高三英语 专题系列训练之 单项选择 （ 4 ） 21 ． We have every reason to say that__________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is success. A ．不填； a B ． the ；不填 C ． the ； a D ． a ； a 22 ．一 John ， you are caught late again. 一 Oh. _______ . A ． not at all B ． just my luck C ． never mind D ． that’s all right 23 ． May 12th ， 2008 is a special day ， ____, I think ， that will be remembered by the Chinese forever. A ． one B ． it C ． which D ． that 24 ．一 I can’t wait to go to the dance. _______my friend Ally come? 一 Of course. She is always welcome. A ． Shall B ． Should C ． Will D ． Must 25. _____the numbers in employment ， the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. A ． In spite of B ． In case of C ． In terms of D ． In praise of 26 ．一 How do you ____________we will go to Hainan for our holidays? 一 I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. A ． insist B ． want C ． suggest D ． suppose 27 ．一 Where have you been recently? 一 I ________________in Beijing on business for a week last month. A ． was B ． have been C ． had been D ． had stayed 28 ．一 You know what? Wang Wei wants to be another Yao Ming and play in NBA. 一 Are you kidding? He will never _________ a super star. A ． change B ． make C ． turn D ． get 29 ． Busy as he is ， he ________ a few hours for exercise every day A ． sets off B ． sets about C sets down D ． sets aside 30 ．一 You see ， I'm poor in maths ， you are not good at English ， and… 一 That ’ s ______ we should help each other. A ． when B ． where C ． how D ． what 31 ． Because he was ______ the new limit ， he was stopped and fined for speeding by the police. A ． good at B ． tired from C ． unaware of D ． uninterested in 32 ．一 We didn’t find Mr. Black attending the lecture. 一 No one had told him about ___________ a lecture the following day. A ． there being B ． there to be C ． there will be D ． there was 33 ． John has great writing ________ ， but he needs training to be a real writer. A ． promotion B ． possibility C ． privilege D ． potential 34 ． _________ he was the last man I wanted to see ， I did all in my power to help him. A ． As B ． Now that C ． While D ． As though 35 ． ---Can I come to see you at 8 this evening? ---Sorry, I ________ the film with my parents. Please make it another time. A ． will see B ． will be seeing C ． is seeing D ． have been seeing
21 ． We have every reason to say that__________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is success. A ．不填； a B ． the ；不填 C ． the ； a D ． a ； a 22 ．一 John ， you are caught late again. 一 Oh. _______ . A ． not at all B ． just my luck C ． never mind D ． that’s all right 23 ． May 12th ， 2008 is a special day ， ____, I think ， that will be remembered by the Chinese forever. A ． one B ． it C ． which D ． that 24 ．一 I can’t wait to go to the dance. _______my friend Ally come? 一 Of course. She is always welcome. A ． Shall B ． Should C ． Will D ． Must 25. _____the numbers in employment ， the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. A ． In spite of B ． In case of C ． In terms of D ． In praise of 26 ．一 How do you ____________we will go to Hainan for our holidays? 一 I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. A ． insist B ． want C ． suggest D ． suppose 27 ．一 Where have you been recently? 一 I ________________in Beijing on business for a week last month. A ． was B ． have been C ． had been D ． had stayed 28 ．一 You know what? Wang Wei wants to be another Yao Ming and play in NBA. 一 Are you kidding? He will never _________ a super star. A ． change B ． make C ． turn D ． get 29 ． Busy as he is ， he ________ a few hours for exercise every day A ． sets off B ． sets about C sets down D ． sets aside 30 ．一 You see ， I'm poor in maths ， you are not good at English ， and… 一 That ’ s ______ we should help each other. A ． when B ． where C ． how D ． what 31 ． Because he was ______ the new limit ， he was stopped and fined for speeding by the police. A ． good at B ． tired from C ． unaware of D ． uninterested in 32 ．一 We didn’t find Mr. Black attending the lecture. 一 No one had told him about ___________ a lecture the following day. A ． there being B ． there to be C ． there will be D ． there was 33 ． John has great writing ________ ， but he needs training to be a real writer. A ． promotion B ． possibility C ． privilege D ． potential 34 ． _________ he was the last man I wanted to see ， I did all in my power to help him. A ． As B ． Now that C ． While D ． As though 35 ． ---Can I come to see you at 8 this evening? ---Sorry, I ________ the film with my parents. Please make it another time. A ． will see B ． will be seeing C ． is seeing D ． have been seeing
21. At ______ young age, Andy was an expert at the computer. He took up a part-time job, developing software and got paid by _______ hour. A. a, the B. a, / C. the, the D. /, an 22 ． Without fact, we can’t form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ our thinking. A ． which we are based on B ． upon which we can baseC ． which can we base upon D ． to which we can base 23 ． I broke my relationship with John because he always found A ． error B ． mistake C ． fault D ． failure 24 ． The year’s team, coached by Jeff Jackson, entirely of college players. A ． consisting B ． consisted C ． was consisted D ． to consist 25 ．－ What about the washing machines in this store? － They are at least as good as, if not , those at other stores. A ． superior than B ． superior to C ． more superior to D ． more superior than 26 ． to climbing the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top. A ． Accustomed B ． To be accustomedC ． AccustomingD ． Being accustomed 27 ． Although he in America for a long time, he’s never regretted his making his mind to return to his own country. A ． stayed B ． was staying C ． has stayed D ． had stayed 28 ． If the weather had been better, we could have had a pinic. But it _______ all day. A. rains B. has rained C. rained D. is raining 29 her work for the sake of the family years ago, she would be as successful as her husband now. A ． Would she not give up B ． If she didn’t give up C ． Had she not given up D ． Should she not give up 30 ． The next moment, she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over the head. A ． since B ． when C ． before D ． after 31 ． He is a strict but kind teacher, ,in my opinion, my son loves and respects. A ． one B ． he C ． the one who D ． he who 32 ． The village seemed deserted, the only sign of life some trees waving in the howling wind. A ． were B ． being C ． was D ． to be 33 ．— Is it Jim who is driving the new car? — Probably. I know he has recently bought a car. A ． shiny black GermanB ． black shiny GermanC ． shiny German blackD ． black German shiny 34 ． When I opened the door, I found my father____in his chair, completely _____ in a magazine. A ． sitting; absorbing B ． seated; absorbed C ． sitting; to be absorbingD ． seated; being absorbed 35. The more frequently farmers use insecticides, the more the insects will become to the chemicals. A ． resistant B ． available C ． sensitive D ． agreeable
21 ． — Better get down to your work, Jack. — . A ． It’s my pleasure B ． Not to mention it C ． Mind your own business D ． You’re welcome 22 ． I ________ be slow, but at least I don't make stupid mistakes. A ． must B ． need C ． should D ． may 23 ． The company provides cheap Internet access ． _______, it makes shareware freely available. A ． In addition B ． In brief C ． In return D ． In common 24 ． We went to Mountain Tai last weekend, ________, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors. A ． that B ． which C ． where D ． when 25 ． I used to go camping a lot, so it won’t be the first time I in a tent. A ． have slept B ． had slept C ． was sleeping D ． slept 26 ． ______ I enjoy the book with some nice pictures, I don’t have enough money to buy it ． A ． Since B ． While C ． As D ． If 27 ． The of surfing the Internet is how you can tell whether the information is true or not. A ． ability B ． competition C ． challenge D ． knowledge 28 ． With the effects of global warming, trees their leaves much later in the year. A ． are losing B ． have lost C ． lost D ． were losing 29 ． The government has plenty of food and clothes of high quality to the people in Wenchuan. A ． suffered B ． arranged C ． adjusted D ． supplied 30 ． What China can learn from 2008 financial storm has become hot topic among us. A ． the; / B ． the; a C ． /; the D ． /; a 31 ． To her disappointment, what she had devoted herself to _______ in nothing but failure. A ． resulting B ． results C ． has resulted D ． resulted 32 ． Although he was in poor health, Robert succeeded other more famous engineers failed ． A ． which B ． that C ． what D ． where 33 ． Obama, the first black president in American history,_____presidency on January 20th, 2009. A ． set up B ． held up C ． took up D ． picked up 34 ． _________ all the required papers, he didn’t answer the questions fluently in class. A ． Having not read B ． Not having read C ． Not read D ． Not to read 35 ． Jack’s room always has the dusty smell of an apartment whose windows are opened. A ． rarely B ． generally C ． apparently D ． frequently
山东省淄博市 2012 届高三第一次模拟考试 英 语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分 , 共 14 页。满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。 2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第 Ⅰ 卷（共 105 分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19.15. B. ￡ 9.15. C. ￡ 9.18. 答案是 B 。 1.Why did the woman have to go home? A. To get her check. B. To get some cash. C. To fetch her ID card. 2.What does the woman think of the shirt? A. It feels soft. B. It ’ s expensive. C. It ’ s made of cotton. 3.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.A player. B.A match. C.A sport. 4.Where are the speakers going this evening? A. To the gym. B. To the beach. C. To the cinema. 5.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a party. B. At a company. C. At a department store. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给出的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、 7 题。 6.How often will the girl attend African Music? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 7.What else is the girl going to take this term? A. Basic Spanish C. Business classes. D. Spanish Composition 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、 9 题。 8.What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Call a doctor. B. Take some medicine. C. Go back home for a rest. 9.What will the man do next week? A. Have a business trip. B. Go back to Germany. C. Give the woman a call. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Friends. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. 11.What does Betty like doing? A. Staying at home. B. Going out to clubs. C. Playing computer games. 12.H ow did the woman hear of the news? A. Ian told her about it on Friday. B. Betty told her about it by phone. C. The man just told her about it. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13.Where are the speakers? A. On the road. B. In a garage. C. In a shop. l4.What probab1y is the woman? A.A writer. B. A model. C. An actress. l5.What does the man ask the woman to do in the end? A. Give him her picture. B. Write some words to his wife. C. Fix the car and pay for the repair charge. l6. Whom does the damaged car belong to? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man's Wife. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 l7. What is special about the band? A. It is a jazz band. B. It consists of many elders. C. It was set up a long time ago. l8. Who will pay for their dinner? A. The man. B. The woman. C. Both of them. l9. When will the speakers meet? A. At 5:00 p.m. B. At 6:00 p.m. C. At 8:3O p.m. 20. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Neighbours. C. Colleagues. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 语法和词汇知识（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 2l. I can ’ t believe that the housing prices should be ten times height of those in l990s. A. a ； the B. the ； a C. the ；不填 D. the ； the 22. — Smoking in public areas is prohibited. — Smoking is more dangerous to people around. A. That's all right! B. I can't agree more! C. No way! D. For what? 23. — My deskmate has made his goal to go to Beijing University. — No wonder he has been working so hard. A. that B. him C. it D. this 24.In his opinion, the Practice was completely ridiculous ， it was welcomed by the students. A. yet B. or C. and D. for 25. Tom is addicted to the computer games ， his parents are worried about. A. as B. where C. why D. which 26.Both China and the United States from their growing business ties over the past four decades. A. had benefited B. benefit C. benefited D. have benefited 27. — I ’ d love to go to the party with you tonight. — Oh ， I ’ m sorry, there be a party because of the coming exam. A. mustn ’ t B. needn ’ t C. can ’ t D. oughtn ’ t 28.The number of the foreign tourists to visit the US is expected to be more than 2 million by 20l5 ， l4 billion to the US economy. A. to contribute B. contributing C. contributed D. to be contributing 29.The movie is full of . children are not supposed to see it. A. violence B. challenge C. adventure D. caution 30.We ’ re excited to learn the news China will send three astronauts into space between June and August this year. A. what B. which C. that D. as 3l. If you can ’ t your shyness ， you ’ ll never pass the interview. A. take off B. get over C. break off D. give away 32. We are looking into the Problem. You can offer any information to it. A. similar B. relevant C. unique D. equal 33. — I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me I can buy one? — Well ， there is a department store just around the corner. A. whether B. what C. where D. when 34.It ’ s belief that parents have to spend nearly 500 ， 000 yuan bringing up a child in China nowadays. A. beyond B. in C. without D. against 35. — You look unhappy ， my son? — I ’ m wondering how long it ’ ll be we come to China again. A. since B. when C. before D. after 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ A 、 B 、 C 和 D ）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When he was driving home one evening on a country road ， he saw an old lady on the side of the road. He 36 in front of her car and got out. Even with the 37 on his face, she was worried. He looked poor and hungry. He knew 38 she felt. He said ，“ I am here to help you ， madam. Why don ’ t you wait in the car where it ’ s warm? 39 ， my name is Joe. ” She had a 40 tire. Joe crawled under the car ， changed the tire. But he got 41 and his hands hurt. She could not thank him 42 and asked him how much she 43 him. He told her that if she really wanted to 44 him back ， the next time she saw someone who needed help ， she could give that person the 45 they needed. She drove off. A few miles down the road the lady saw a small 46 . She went in. The waitress had a sweet smile ， and was nearly eight months 47 . The old lady 48 how someone like her who seemed could be so kind to a 49 . Then she remembered Joe. After the lady finished her meal ， the waitress went to get her 50 from a hundred-dollar bill. But she stepped right out the door. When the waitress came back ， she noticed something 51 on a napkin （餐巾纸），“ I am helping you because someone once helped me. If you really want to pay me back ， here ’ s what you do — Do not let the 52 of love end with you. ” That night when she got home ， she was 53 the money and w hat the lady had written. She and her husband needed money with the baby 54 next month. She knew how worried her husband was ， and as he lay 55 next to her ， she whispered, “ Everything ’ s going to be all right ， I love you ， Joe. ” 36. A. stood B. drove C. stopped D. waved 37. A. anxiety B. surprise C. sorrow D. smile 38. A. why B. how C. what D. whether 39. A. By the way B. In addition C. By chance D. In return 40. A. poor B. flat C. round D. used 4l. A. excited B. thirsty C. satisfied D. dirty 42. A. much B. however C. enough D. further 43. A. returned B. lent C. owed D. appreciated 44. A. take B. pay C. hold D. charge 45. A. assistance B. money C. expense D. ability 46. A. store B. hospital C. cinema D. restaurant 47. A. elder B. experienced C. pregnant D. served 48. A. imagined B. doubted C. wondered D. expected 49. A. woman B. customer C. tourist D. stranger 50. A. receipt B. change C. payment D. check 5l. A. written B. printed C. drawn D. copied 52. A. chain B. relation C. devotion D. story 53. A. putting away B. thinking abou t C. turning in D. looking after 54. A. ahead B. extra C. front D. due 55. A. sleeping B. chatting C. arguing D. drinking 第三部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A 、 B 、 C 和 D ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Maricel Apatan ， 22 ， stands in the kitchen of the Edsa Shangi-La Hotel in Manila ， preparing to decorate a cheesecake. It would seem to be a routine task for a cake chef ， but Maricel is no ordinary chef — she has no hands. Maricel has come a long way since the day in September 2000 when she and her uncle were attacked near their farm. Fortunately ， both of them survived ， but the 11-year-old girl lost her hands. In 2004 ， she entered a Manila training centre for people with disabilities. She learned how to write and do housework and ， more importantly ， came to terms with her disability. After graduation from high school ， she took a two-year Hotel and Restaurant Management course and flourished even though she was the only disabled student in the course. After she moved back to Manila to continue her studies ， the media started reporting on this determined young woman. She didn ’ t shy away from the attention. “ I wanted others living with disabilities to believe it ’ s possible to live a normal life ，” Maricel says. When managers at the Edsa Shangri-La Hotel saw Maricel on television, they hired her as part of the hotel ’ s Care for People project. She has also accomplished her goal of inspiring others. One of them is Ronelyn Calumpiano, a 21-year-old with cerebral palsy （脑瘫） .She saw Maricel on television and was moved by her confidence. Ronelyn will soon start classes and is already planning a career in IT. Mericel ’ s three younger sisters have moved to Manila. She pays for the rent of their small apart-ment ， while their parents look after their family farm in Mindanao. “ It is difficult to make ends meet but I don ’ t lose hope. I believe anything is possible if you dream ， work hard and pray. ” 56. “ Maricel is no ordinary chef ” because . A. she is better than other chefs B. she is physically disabled C. she can do a routine task D. she is good at decorating cakes 57. Which of the following is NOT true about Maricel? A. She survived while her uncle did not. B. She didn ’ t shy away from public attention. C. She has inspired some disabled people. D. She managed to make a living by herself. 58. The underlined word “ flourished ” in Paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to . A. was rejected B. was employed C. recovered well D. developed well 59. According to the text ， Ronelyn . A. works in an IT company B. was inspired by Maricel C. once lived in Mindanao D. has already started classes 60. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. We should be determind and never lose hope. B. We Shouldn ’ t look down upon the disabled. C. We Should help those who suffer disabilities. D. We should feel sympathy for the unfortunate. B When you see homework covering the kitchen table and toys are piling up around the sofa ， you probably wish there was a bit more space. You are not alone. Nearly a third of parents say they feel squeezed into their homes but cannot afford to move to a bigger property ， a report reveals today. Twenty-nine percent say ‘ their property is too small to fit the size of their family ’— rising to 40 percent for those 34 and under. One in four children is ‘ forced to share ’ a bedroom ， according to the Finda-Property. Com website. Property analyst Samantha Baden said ：“ Afford-ability remains a key issue for families ， with the average cost of a three-bedroom home around ￡ 193,000. ” Very few can afford to buy — or to rent — a property of the size they want and in the area they desire to live in, according to Miss Baden. A recent report, from investment firm LV, also found that many ‘ space-starved parents ’ are pushed into a two-bedroom home which was perfect when they were a young couple, but has no space for three or so children. Grown-up children who cannot afford to leave home are also adding to the problem facing families in Britain ’ s ‘ big squeeze ’ . For a home to be the correct size, which means it is not overcrowded, parents must have their own bedroom. Children under ten can share, as well as same-sex children between ten and 20.Any-one over 21 also needs their own room. The report comes as official figures ， published yesterday by the Land Registry ， revealing house prices are falling sharply in every region except London. The worst - hit area is the North East ， where average house prices have fallen to below ￡ l00 ， 000 for the first time in seven years. However ， they remain unaffordable for millions. 6l. According to Paragraph l ， the report reveals . A. children like to do homework in the kitchen B. some families can ’ t afford a bigger property C. only a few families have housing problem D. people are satisfied with their living condition 62. What Miss Baden said in Paragraph 2 means . A. most families don ’ t have enough money yet B. no family could afford a three - bedroom home C. it is common to live in a three - bedroom home D. the price of a bigger property is still acceptable 63. The report from the investment firm LV shows . A. young couples should live in a two - bedroom home B. families with three or so children couldn ’ t afford a home C. parents should buy houses for their grown - up children D. some grown - up children couldn ’ t afford a separate home 64. According to the passage ， the right size for a home means . A. parents should have a bedroom of their own B. anyone over 2l needs to live in their own home C. children under ten should share parents ’ bedroom D. children under 20 should have their own bedroom 65. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. House prices are falling down everywhere. B. People are able to buy a home of correct size. C. The house prices in London has not fallen down. D. The North East is now an area suitable to live in. C In Wiltshire ， England ， volunteers are being sought to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and on surrounding fields. The project is promoted by an environmental protection organisati on ， which has contributed to improving the living environment for wild animals. Recently ， the organisation has issued an appeal to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment. In the area ， the local people have Planted many special flowers with the help of the organisation ， aiming to see whether these flowers will interest the rare and beautiful butterflies. The Project officer Sarah Marshall says ， “ It will be a suitable habitat( 栖息地 ) for butterflies. They are great ‘ indicator species ’ as they are easily affected by climate changes so they make a brillian early - warning system for the environment. ” She also points out that volunteers are needed to recourd the number or species of butterflies ， and based on the change happening to the butterflies ， the hidden environmental problems in the area can be found out in time. The organisation is seeking volunteers to help monitor butterflies from April through to September. They will walk a fixed route and record the different butterflies they encounter along the way.Each visit should take no more than two hours ， and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month to count the wildlife. “ Staff will provide back up ， so if the weather is poor on the day you are to visit （ butterflies don ’ t like to fly in the rain ， wind or if it ’ s too cloudy) we can have someone else do your job ，” Sarah points out. No Previous experienc e is necessary as training and support will be provided ， but a keen interest is essential. If y ou are interested P1ease contact Sarah on (0l380) 725670 ， ext 278 ， email sarahm wiltshirewildlife. org 66. According to Paragraph l ， what is the purpose of the Project? A. To appeal to more visitors. B. To protect the environment. C. To control butterfly population. D. To expand the area for wildlife. 67. Many special flowers have been planted in Wiltshire to . A. warn people of wildlife extinction B. appeal more tourists to be involved in C. attract many unusual and beautiful butterflies D. improve the economic conditions of local people 68. Butterflies are called “ indicator species ” because . A. they can provide support for visitors B. they can give information to other species C. they are not easily found out in their habitats D. they are very sensitive to environmental changes 69. Volunteers are required to do the things EXCEPT . A. having some special previous experience B. being interested in protecting the environment C. walking a regular route and do some recordings D. visiting the nature protection area once a month 70. What is the text mainly about? A. Visitors are being trained to identify butterflies. B. Wildlife areas are being protected by butterflies. C. Volunteers are being needed to count butterflies. D. Organisations are being put up to protect butterflies. D A group of eight public high school students in Massachusetts, aged l5 to l7 ， designed and ran their own school within a school. They named their practice the Independent Project. They represented the usual range: two were close to dropping out before they started the project ， while others were honors students. Their guidance teacher was their adviser, consulting with them when the group encountered difficulties. Though they sought advice from English ， math and science teachers ， they were responsible for monitoring one another ’ s work and giving one another feedback. There were no grades, but at the end of the term ， the students wrote evaluations of their classmates. The students also designed their own course. In addition to some regular courses ， they each took on an ‘ individual project ’， learning to play the piano or to cook ， writing a novel or making a video about domestic( 国内的 ) violence. At the end of the term ， they performed their new skills in front of the entire school. The last part of their self - designed course was to do a ‘ collective project ’ that had social significance. Because they felt the whole experience had been so life – changing ， they ended up making a film showing how other students could start and run their own schools. The project was a success. After returning to their traditional study ， the students have high motivation and are doing well. One student who had failed all of his previous math courses spent three weeks teaching the others about probability. The lesson learned here is that if students are given the opportunity to take control or contribute significantly to their own learning they will become more accomplished ， more engaged and more knowledgeable. The students in the project are remarkable because they demonstrate the kinds of learning and personal growth that are possible when teenagers feel ownership of their high school experience ， learn things that matter to them and learn together. 7l. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Some students might drop out of high school. B. The teachers monitored the students ’ homework. C. The students themselves solved all their problems. D. The teachers evaluate the students ’ performances. 72. The students involved in the Independent Project . A. didn ’ t need to learn common lessons B. tended to escape from the whole society C. were unwilling to share their experiences D. focused on self-study and working together 73. According Paragraph 4 ， we know that . A. the traditional study is better than the project B. all the students had failed their math courses C. the students have freedom to design their lessons D. the project was mainly concerned with math courses 74. The project made the students outstanding because . A. they are unusually talented B. they have better backgrounds C. they have supportive teachers D. they are owners of their education 75. What would be the best title of the text? A. Structure the kids ’ days to the minute B. Let kids rule their own school within a school C. Offer students few opportunities to do anything D. Provide traditional education to the students 第 Ⅱ 卷（共 45 分） 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 阅读表达（第 76 题 2 分， 77 、 78 、 80 题每题 3 分，第 79 题 4 分，满 15 分） 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。 ［ l ］ Before applying to colleges ， many students wonder ， what ’ s the point of it all? This is an important question to ask yourself. College is a huge investment ， no only of money ， but also of 2-4 years of your life. No one should attend college without a very good reason. Some people go to college to earn more money. On average ， people who obtain a Bachelor ’ s degree will earn more than l million dollars more over the course of their lifetimes than people who don ’ t attend college. Those who go for Master ’ s ， Doctor ’ s ， and professional degrees do even be tter. Holders of these degrees are suited to many hig h paying jobs while . Some go for the experiences. College is an amazing life experience. Students not only receive a traditional classroom education ， but also learn a large amount about the ways of the world. For many students ， college is the first time they live away from home. This creates a great opportunity to meet different types of people and have many brand new experiences that can make you a much wiser and worldly person. Some others seek after a dream. For many people college is great way to start the next step towards achieving a dream. It can help you break into a new career path or achieve expert status in your chosen field. However ， there ’ re also some people going to college because “ my parents and family expect me to ” or “ I don ’ t know what I want to do with my life ” . If your main reason for going to college is one of these ， you should reconsider your motivations seriously. If you go without a true purpose ， you can end up finding what you spend on it might never be worth it. 76. How does the author further explain his point of view? (no more than l0 words) 77. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words) 78. How could experiences mentioned in Paragraph 3 change people? (no more than 8 words) 79. Why could going to college help the students seek after their dreams? (no more than 20 words) 80. What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? (no more than l0 words) 第二节 写作（满分 30 分） 3 月 1 日下午（星期四），一个美国中学生代表团到校访问，师生一行十几人参观了学校，之后在你们班举行了一个小型座谈会，历时约一小时。事后，英语老师要求就当天的活动写一篇 120-150 词的英语日记。 座谈会主要内容：相互介绍；中方学生代表谈传统节日文化；美方学生代表谈兴趣爱好；自由交流。 注意： 1． 可适当增加细节，使文章内容连贯，语言流畅。 2． 日记格式已给出，不计入总词数。 Fine Thursday March 1, 2012 淄博市 2011-2012 学年度高三模拟考试 英语试题参考答案 第一部分：听力（共两节， 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 1-5CABAC 6-10CAACA 11-15BBACB 16-20CBCBA 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 语法和词汇知识（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 21-25DBCAD 26-30DCBAC 31-35BBCAC 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 36-40CDBAB 41-45DCCBA 46-50DCCDB 51-55AABDA 第三部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 56-60BADBA 61-65BADAC 66-70BCDAC 71-75ADCDB 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 阅读表达（第 76 题 2 分， 77 、 78 、 80 题每题 3 分，第 79 题 4 分，满分 15 分） 76.By comparing some good reasons with some bad ones 77.non-degree holders/those without degrees are not/seldom 78.By making people much wiser and worldly 79.Because that could help them head for a new career or make great achievements in your chosen field. 80.People should go to college with a true reason. 第二节 写作（满分 30 分） A Possible Version Thursday Marchl, 2012 Fine This afternoon an American high school delegation, consisting of 10 students and 5 teachers came to visit our school. Our headmaster showed them around some parts of the school, such as the library, the lab and the gym. Fortunately, our class was chosen to have an informal discussion with the visitors, which was a good opportunity for us to practice our English. Everyone at present was active to introduce themselves one by me. Our monitor, Zhanghua,made a brief introduction of the Chinese traditional festivals, especially the Chinese Spring Festival.Soon after that Tom, an American student, who was a great fan of Yaoming and Jeremy Shu-How Lin, said something about NBA and some other hobbies. Then we talked about some other topics that we were concerned with. Almost an hour had passed before we realized it. It ’ s really amazing to talk with the American teachers and students in English, which helps us a lot with our English.
山东省实验中学 2012 届高三第四次诊断考试 英 语 试 题 (2012.3) 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷 1 至 8 页，第Ⅱ卷 9 至 10 页。满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。考试结束后，监考员将答题卡与答题纸一并收回。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目、试卷类型用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。 2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 第Ⅱ卷在答题纸上书写作答。在试卷上作答，答案无效。 第 Ⅰ 卷（选择题 共 105 分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What might cause the woman to catch a cold? A. The hot sun. B. The strong wind. C. The changeable weather. 2.What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Play football. B. Have a rest. C. Go to see a doctor. 3.What is the man doing? A. Packing for school. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Choosing a box. 4.Where are the speakers Probably? A. At a furniture shop. B. At a restaurant. C. At a hotel. 5.What are the speakers talking about? A. When no have dinner. B. where to have dinner. C. When the concert begins. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的 A ， B ， C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 三个小题。 6.Why is the man not sure about the job? A. He is disappointed with the woman ’ s last push. B. He is not interested in that kind of job. C. He is not confident of success. 7.What kind of person does the company want? A. A young graduate with ambition. B. A young man with work experience. C. A young man who likes traveling. 8.What will the man do next? A. Apply for the job at once. B. Look at the ad carefully. C. Discuss the job with the woman. 听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 三个小题。 9.What does the boy say about Mr.Tailor? A. He is strict. B. He is nice. C. He is quick-tempered. 10.How does the woman react to the boy ’ s opinion on Mr.Taylor? A. She agrees with him. B. She is doubtful. C. She doesn ’ t understand. 11.What can be inferred about the boy ’ s study of history? A. He doesn ’ t work hard at history. B. He has done better than others. C. He works hard but has got low marks. 听下面一段对话，回答第 12 至第 14 三个小题。 12.Where does the conversation probably take place ? A. At train station. B. At a trave l agency. C. At a bus stop. 13.How long will the man stay in Athens? A. For three nights. B. For four rights. C. For five nights. l4.How does the man pay for the tickets? A.In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card. 听下面一段对话，回答第 15 至第 17 三个小题。 l5.How old is the woman now? A. 10 years old. B. 20 years old. C. 30 years old. l6. Where did not the woman belong to the Korean culture during her high school days? A. At home. B. At school. C. At her parents ’ friends ’ . l7. How may the woman sometimes feel about living in the two different cultures? A. Confused. B. Excited. C. Proud. 听下面一段独白，回答第 18 至第 20 三个小题。 l8. Where did the firefighters get into the house? A. From the basement. B. From the kitchen. C. From the chimney. l9. How was the mother when she was found? A. She was dead. B. She was unconscious. C. She was weak. 20. Who called the emergency service? A. The little girl. B. The mother. C. The dentist. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 语法和词汇知识（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 2l. — Brain ， did you have a good time during the holiday? — .I had to do homework most of the time. A. No doubt B. Why not C. Forget it D. Not really 22. success of Zhu Zhiwen ’ s singing has been great honour to his hometown. A. The ， a B. The ； an C. 不填， the D. The ，不填 23. — I can ’ t find my cell phone in my bag. — it at home. A. Have you left B. Did you leave C. Had you left D. Do you leave 24.Last Sunday I climbed to the top the hill near my home ， I could see half of the city. A. that B. where C. which D. there 25. As soon as the shoes that the boy wanted to buy were in the store ， the salesgirl called him. A. present B. possible C. available D. convenient 26.At first the man refused to say anything but when shown the evidence he and told everything. A. broke down B. broke out C. gave up D. gave away 27.The secret was finally let out the daughter was an adopted one. A. which B. that C. what D. as 28.The movie was for an important international prize ， but it got nothing in the end. A. made B. designed C. intended D.supposed 29.When Tracy was told her son ’ s illness could be cured ， she left the hospital . A. in peace B. in surprise C. in relief D. in time 30. the foreign student had learned Chinese for several years in his own country ， he could hardly understand the local Chinese in China. A. Since B. As C. Unless D. Though 3l. to work on time ， she has to start very early every morning to avoid the traffic jam. A. To get B. Getting C. To have got D. Get 32. Luckily the man missed the high-speed train to Wenzhou ， or the have been killed in the accident. A. must B. would C. should D. might 33.My high school friend ， I haven ’ t seen for 20 years ， is no longer he was. A. who ， that B. which ， that C. whom ， what D. that ， what 34.It has taken Jeremy Lin ， a Harvard-educated Taiwanese-American ， less than a week to become the latest international in the NBA ， USA. A. brand B. phenomenon C. appreciation D. centre 35. quite well in the important exam ， he came back home and smiling. A. Having done ； relaxed B. Having done ； relaxing C. Having been done ； relaxing D. Done ； relaxed 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. Noy way could I have 36 . Maybe some one had kicked her 37 their car the night before. “ No 38 for her any more with the baby coming. ”“ We never really wanted her ， but what could we have done ？ She was a 39 . ” People find all so rts of excuses for 40 an animal. I called her Goldie. If I had 41 what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those 42 few days. She hardly ate anyting and had such an air of 43 about her. There was 44 I could do to make her happy ， it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her 45 owner ’ s. But 46 at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side. 47 we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. That ’ s why it was such a 48 when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were walking a long way from home ， when she started 4 9 and getting very restless. Ev entually I couldn ’ t hold her any longer and she 50 down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could. By the time I 51 the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking （舔） the four puppies （幼犬） I started to feel 52 towards them. The woman at the door said ，“ I took her for a walk one day ， 53 the puppies were born ， and she just disappeared. ”“ She must have tried to come back to them and got lost ，” 54 a boy from behind her. I must admit I do miss Goldie ， but I ’ ve got Nugget now ， and she looks just like her 55 . And I ’ ve learnt a good lesson ： not to judge people. 36. A. sent her away B. sold it out C. picked it up D. turned it down 37. A. beyond B. out of C. from D. within 38. A. seat B. interest C. chance D. space 39. A. gift B. reminder C. surprise D. bargain 40. A. taking B. protecting C. abandoning D. removing 4l. A. thought B. known C. hoped D. imagined 42. A. first B. last C. usual D. special 43. A. darkness B. happiness C. sadness D. eagerness 44. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 45. A. familiar B. previous C. cruel D. troublesome 46. A. eventually B. unwillingly C. unexpectedly D. probably 47. A. while B. as C. either D. whether 48. A. joy B. shock C. sight D. trouble 49. A. barking B. eating C. crying D. running 50. A. walked away B. fell over C. dropped out D. raced off 5l. A. landed B. reached C. left D. found 52. A. anxiety B. respect C. sympathy D. pleasure 53. A. every time B. before long C. once in a while D. soon after 54. A. added B. whispered C. called D. warned 55. A. aunt B. sister C. mother D. child 第三部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（ A 、 B 、 C 、 D ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Jeanette Rankin was born on a ranch in Montana ， USA in 1882. In those days ， Montana was still a frontier state ， and life there was hard. Men and women shared the difficult outdoor work. But young Jeanette noticed men and women were not equal in many ways. For instance ， at election time ， women were not allowed to vote. Jeanette thought this was not fair ， and several years later ， after graduating from college ， she realized how to help change the situation. First ， she joined with other women. and gave speeches through the state. Thanks to their years of efforts ， Montana women were finally allowed to vote. This experience changed Jeanette ’ s life. She wanted do work for the welfare of women and children everywhere. She was now well-known throughout Montana ， so she decided to run for the US Congress. In 1916 ， she became the first woman in the Congress of the United Staters. Just six days after Rankin first attended Congress in 1917 ， American President Wilson called for a vote to go to war against Germany ， as German submarines （潜水艇） attacked American ships during World War I. When Jeanette was called upon to vote ， she said ，“ I want to stand by my country ， buy I cannot vote for war.I vote no. ” Forty-nine other congress members also voted no ， but she was the person who was criticized most. Newspapers said her decision came from weakness and she was anti-American. In the Second World War ， Japanese warplanes attacked the American base at Pearl Harbor in 1941. The time came again for the US Congress members to vote for or against going to war. Everyone was waiting for Jeanette Rankin to vote ， who rose and said ，“ As a woman ， I can ’ t go to war ， so I refuse to send anyone else ” .Out of 471 members ， she was the only member who voted against war. After that ， she received thousands of letters. Most people criticized her ， but some praised her for her courage. Shortly before she died in 1973, she was asked if she regretted voting “no”to the two wars. “ Never ， ”she answered. “ If you are against war ， you ’ re against war regard less of what happens. ” Today ， in the US Congress Building ， there is a statue of Jeanette Rankin. On the base of the statue are her words ：“ I cannot vote for war. ” 56. When Jeanette Rankin was young ， . A. women were not allowed to work with men B. women had no right to vote C. women could not go to college D. women could not deliver speeches in public 57. She decided to run for the US Congress because . A. She wanted to become famous throughout the USA B. She hated was C. She wanted to help more women and children D. She was a born politician 58. Which is true according to the passage? A. Jeannette was the only member to vote no to the two wars. B. Jeannette voted no to the wars because she was weak. C. Everyone in the USA hated her when she voted no to the war against Japan. D. Jeanette believed that no war was right. 59. From the passage we can tell that Jeanette Rankin was . A. full of courage B. Very fair C. Very intelligent D. very stubborn. 60. The American people remember Jeanette Rankin mainly for . A. her fighting for women ’ s rights B. her being the first American woman Congress member C. her fighting against war D. her efforts to help women get the voting right B Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States. The result ： 10 ％ fewer heart attacks. 8 ％ fewer storkes. 4 ％ fewer deaths. 11 ％ fewer new cases of heart disease. And 240 billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent 100 ， 000 heart attacks and 92 ， 000 deaths every year. The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams ， or one-half teaspoon ， less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University. Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium （钠）， which is how foods may list their salt content. The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies ， while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference. Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas ， like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children ’ s Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children. 6l. According to the passage ， what disease is not related to salt in diet? A. cancer B. stroke C. blood pressure D. heart attack 62. We can tell from the passage that now heart attacks occur in the US every year. A. 240 ， 000 B. 900 ， 000 C. 100 ， 000 D.92 ， 000 63. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt B. the American Heart Association suggests less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone C. Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s D. the less salt one eats ， the healthier he will be 64. The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to . A. attract the public attention to the problem B. require fast food places to list salt information C. inform people of the harm that salt does to health D. put pressure on food companies and restaurants 65. The last paragraph mainly tells us . A. Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people ’ s health B. Bloomberg is very successful in his career C. parents must pay great attention to calorie information D. a new study is being done about calorie information C It ’ s not uncommon in America for a person to belong to some kind of volunteer group. Donating one ’ s time and services is very much a part of the American way of life. Most charitable activities are organized by churches and groups around the nation and even encouraged by the government. The helping hand is extended to the poor ， the homeless and the disabled. Some people work to teach youngsters how to read. others open up soup kitchens to feed the homeless. Volunteers also take care of the disabled by making reading tapes for the blind and working in orphanages （孤儿院） to help children without parents. High school students are often encouraged to become volunteers and many school club activities center around volunteer services. Students may work with disabled children during a summer program ， or participate in a club activity which helps to bring meal to senior citizens who are shut-ins. With their sense of idealism （理想主义） students are often eager to donate their spare time. They see such activities as a way of becoming involved in the community and the adult-world. Social action for them becomes as important as their academic studies. In a like manner ， throughout the year ， fund raising drives are also conducted by schools and community groups to raise money for a worthy cause. They may respond to a recent earthquake in a foreign country ， a flood somewhere within their own ， or another natural disaster which has left people destitute and homeless. They may organize drives to collect food ， clothing and medicines to serve an immediate need. Today even the Halloween custom of ‘ trick or treat ’ has become an occasion to collect money for a charitable cause. This call to help those less fortunate than themselves arises from the humble origins of the American nation. Those immigrants who were poor and downtrodden （受压迫的） became dependent on the kindness of their neighbors to make a new life for themselves. American volunteers work throughout the world in less developed countries. They volunteer by serving as a champion of goodwill both at home and abroad ， which no doubt enriches both his life and those whom he serves. 66. Which of the following charitable activities is not mentioned in the passage? A. Some people open up soup kitchens to feed homeless people. B. Some students bring meals to old people who can ’ t go out easily. C. Some people collect money to help a foreign country with a recent earthquake. D. Some students donate books to children in mountainous areas. 67. Why are American high school students eager to do voluntary work? A. Because they want to participate in some social activities. B. Because they want to go to better universities. C. Because they can get higher scores at school. D. Because they can realize their dream sooner. 68. The underlined word “ destitute ” in Paragraph 4 probably means . A. lifeless B. penniless C. useless D. valueless 69. American charitable activities started because . A. Americans are always ready to share with othes B. Americans are mostly kind C. poor immigrants needed help badly D. poor Americans couldn ’ t live on without help 70. What ’ s the best title of the passage? A. The Call from the Poor B. Voluntary Work in the US C. Ways to help the Poor D. American Volunteers Around the World D If women are mercilessly exploited （剥削） year after year ， they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion ， they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it ， only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe （衣柜） packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear. Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way ， waste hours of their time changing the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened ； neck-lines are lowered or raised ， and so on. No one can say that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth ， comfort and durability （耐用） . They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort ， as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn ’ t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day ， or carefully picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion ， the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly cha nging fashions of women ’ s clothes ， one wonders ， reflect basic qualities of inconstancy （易变） and instability ？ Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability ？ That is for you to decide. 7l. How do designers and big stores take advantage of women? A. By mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry. B. By attaching great importance to quality in women ’ s clothing. C. By constantly changing the fashions in women ’ s clothing. D. By producing large number of new clothes. 72. To the writer ， the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as . A. a waste of money B. a waste of time C. an expression of taste D. an expression of creativity 73. Perhaps the writer would not be so critical . A. if fashion designers could pay attention to the comfort of clothing B. if fashion industry could contribute more to society C. if women took their safety and health in consideration D. if women didn ’ t put up with any discomfort 74. By saying “ the conclusions to be drawn are obvious ” in Paragraph 4 the writer means that . A. women ’ s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at B. women are better able to put up with discomfort C. men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers D. men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion 75. What ’ s the passage mainly about? A. Men are wiser than women in choosing clothes. B. Women are taken advantage of because they always follow clothing fashions. C. Women should be blamed for following clothing fashions. D. Changing fashions have greatly contributed to social development. 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共 45 分） 注意事项： 1. 不要直接答在试卷上，请用钢笔或圆珠笔答在答题纸的规定位置上，考试结束后将答题卡和答题纸一并交上。 2 ．答题前将密封线内的项目填写清楚，密封线内答题无效。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 阅读表达（满 45 分） 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。 ［ l ］ Internet use appears to cause a decline in psychological well-being ， according to research at Carnegie Mellon University. Even people who spent just a few hours a week on the Internet experienced more depression and loneliness than those who logged on less frequently ， the two-year study showed. And it wasn ’ t that people who were already feeling bad spent more time on the Internet ， but that using the Internet actually appeared to cause the bad feelings. Researchers are puzzling over the results ， which were . They expected that the Internet would prove socially healthier than television ， since the Internet allows users to choose their information and to communicate with others freely. The fact that Internet use reduces time available for family and friends may account for the drop in well-being. Faceless ， bodiless “ virtual ” communication may be less psychologically satisfying than actual conversation ， and the relationships formed through it may be shallower. Another possibility is that exposure to the wider world via the Internet makes users less satisfied with their lives. “ But it ’ s important to remember this is not about the technology ， it ’ s about how it is used ，” says psychologist Christine Riley of Intel ， one of the study ’ s sponsors. “ In really points to the need for considering social factors in terms of how you design applications and servises for technology . ” 76. What ’ s the main idea of the text? （ no more than 10 words ） 77. Wha t is the meaning of the underlined phrase “ logged on ” in Paragraph 2? （ no more than 3 words ） 78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. （ no more than 5 words ） 79. Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 4. （ 2 words ） Experiencing the online may cause Internet users to feel their real lives unsatisfactory. 80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 into Chinese. 第二节 写作（满分 30 分） 假设你是李华，下学期要去美国寄宿制高中 Lakeside High School 做交换生（ exchange student ）。你收到了该校联系人（ liaison ）的电子邮件，请根据其内容回一封邮件。注意做出选择时要说明理由。 Dear Li Hua I ’ m Tom Smith ， the school liaison of the Exchange Student Program. We are very pleased that you are to join us next semester. In fact ， we have several other Chinese exchange students in our school. They are doing fine ， but do have problems from time to time. Right now we are about to arrange your accommodation ， and would like to know whether you want to live in the dormitory with a roommate on the campus ， or prefer to choose a host family near the school. Besides ， could you let us know how you will get along with your roommate or host family ？ What if you had a problem? Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely Tom 注意： 1. 字数： 120-150 ； 2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 山东省实验中学 2009 级第四次诊断性测试 英语试题答案 Ⅰ . 听力部分 :1-5CBACC 6-10AABCB 11-15ABACC 16-20BABBA Ⅱ . 单项选择 :21-25DABBC 26-30ABCCD 31-35ADCBA Ⅲ . 完形填空 : 36-40ABDAC 41-45BACDB 46-50ADBAD 51-55BCDAC Ⅳ . 阅读理解 : 56-60BCDAC 61-65ABCDA 66-70DABCB 71-75CBADB Ⅴ . 阅读表达： 76.Internet may cause depression / Using the Internet may cause people to feel depressed(3 分 )( 只要与主题相符，表达无误，得满分。 ) 77.got online/surfed the internet/used the internet/was online/logged in 等（ 3 分） 78.c ontrary to their expectations/different from what they expected/beyond （ out of/against ） their expectations （与答案不相关的不得分，相关但不准确酌情扣分） （ 3 分） 79.wider world （其他答案不给分） （ 2 分） 80. 这的确表明，关于如何设计技术的应用与服务需要考虑社会因素。 （ 4 分） （如果译文有误或很不通顺，酌情扣分。） Ⅵ . 写作评分标准 1． 评分原则 ①本题总分为 30 分，按 5 个档次给分。 ②评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 ③评分时应注意的主要内容：内容要点、上下文的流畅与连贯性以及词汇和语法结构应用的数量和准确性。 ④词数少于 120 ，从总分中减去 2 分。 ⑤如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 ⑥异色笔、铅笔答题的，一律判 0 分。 2. 内容要点 ①感谢来信 ②第一个问题做出选择后要说明理由。③第二个问题回答两问，内容要较为充实。 3. 各档次的给分范围和要求 第一档：（ 25 — 30 分） 很好地完成了试题规定的任务。 ——对题中所提供的信息进行了恰当的描述，清楚地表达了自己的观点并进行了充分合理的论证。 ——语法结构和词汇选用恰当、丰富。 ——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 ——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 第二档：（ 19 — 24 分） 较好地完成了试题规定的任务。 ——对题中所提供的信息进行了描述，表达了自己的观点并进行了论证。 ——应用的语法结构和词汇能基本满足任务的要求。 ——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 ——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 第三档：（ 13 — 18 分） 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 ——能描述题目中的信息，表达了自己的观点并尝试进行论证。 ——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 ——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 ——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 第四档：（ 7 — 12 分） 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 ——能涉及到题目所提供的信息，体现了对问题的看法及其原因。 ——语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。 ——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 ——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第五档：（ 1 — 6 分） 未完成试题规定的任务 ——很少涉及题目中所提供的信息，个人观点表达不清，而且没有阐述原因。 ——语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。 ——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 ——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 0 分 信息未能传达给读者。 未能传达给读者任务信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法辨认。
1“小微企业”small and micro businesses 成为5日中国总理温家宝在十一届全国人大五次会议上所作政府工作报告中的新词。温家宝在报告中共7次提及小微企业。在回顾去年经济工作时，他提到“重点支持实体经济特别是小型微型企业”，在就业方面“一些企业特别是小型微型企业经营困难增多”。 新华社： China will deepen the reform of its financial systems by improving services for small and micro businesses and making Renminbi convertible under capital accounts, according to a report distributed to the media Monday morning. 中国将通过提升对小微企业的服务以及使人民币在资本账户下可兑换，深化金融体制改革。 small and micro businesses就是指“小微企业”，medium-sized and small enterprises（中小企业）划分为medium-sized（中型）、small size（小型）、minisize（微型）三种类型，具体标准根据enterprise jobholders（企业从业人员）、business income(营业收入)、total assets(资产总额)等指标，结合industry characteristics(行业特点)制定。 当前，small and micro businesses（小微企业）的发展受到了社会各界的广泛关注。温家宝总理明确提出要支持the real economy（实体经济），特别是支持小微企业发展。小微企业是我国national economy（国民经济）增长和发展的主要动力。支持小微企业健康发展，对于stable employment(稳定就业)、expand the domestic demand(扩大内需)、改善distribution relations(分配关系)、实现国民经济平稳较快发展具有重要战略意义。 2.甲醇汽车methanol-fueled cars 2月28日，工信部决定在山西省、上海市和陕西省开展甲醇汽车试点工作。试点工作将坚持积极稳妥、安全第一的总体要求，严格按照限定地域、限定燃料、限定用车的原则推进。 新华社 China's industrial authority said Tuesday that it will introduce trials for methanol-fueled cars in three provincial level regions starting this month, signaling the world's second largest economy's resolution to boost greener economic growth. 中国工信部决定于本月初在三个省市开展甲醇汽车试点工作，这标志着中国作为世界第二大经济体对推动绿色经济增长的决心。 methanol-fueled cars就是指“甲醇汽车”，用methanol（甲醇）代替petroleum（石油）燃料在国外已经应用多年，甲醇汽车的control system（控制系统）技术都已经很成熟，近年来由于石油资源紧张，汽车能源多元化趋向加剧，甲醇汽车又提到议事日程。 甲醇的资源丰富，可以再生，属于biomass（生物质）的能源。在汽车上使用甲醇，可以提高燃料的octane number（辛烷值），增加oxygen content（氧含量），使汽车缸内燃烧更完全，可以降低tail gas（尾气）有害物的排放。 相关：“energy saving and emission reduction（节能减排）”、“low-carbon life（低碳生活）”、“green energy resource）（绿色能源）”。我国推广使用甲醇汽油，可直接替代regular gasoline（普通汽油），缓解汽油紧张的局面，同时有很好的环保效益，对国家ecological economy（生态经济）的可持续发展、社会的进步都具有十分重要的意义。 3.过度包装 excessive packaging 2月27日，全国人大常委会会议第二次审议了《清洁生产促进法》修正案草案，草案对治理产品过度包装问题的规定进一步细化，规定企业应当对产品进行合理包装，包装的材质、结构和成本应当与内装产品的质量、规格和价格相适应，减少包装材料的过度使用。 新华社 Following a vote by lawmakers Wednesday, China's legislature approved the amended version of the Law on the Promotion of Clean Production, which stresses efforts to cut down on excessive packaging. 全国人大常委会通过《清洁生产促进法》修正案，强调要努力减少过度包装。 过度包装不仅造成resource-wasting（浪费资源）、pollute the environment（污染环境），而且导致commodity price（商品价格）虚高，损害consumer benefit（消费者利益），扰乱market order(市场秩序)，助长奢侈腐败现象。 4. 研发“空气监测设备”air monitoring equipment 全国政协委员、国家环保部下属的中国环境监测总站研究员温香彩3日表示，目前国内现用的PM2.5监测设备和技术主要是依赖进口，中国应尽快加强相关技术设备的研发，形成具有自主知识产权的先进环境空气监测技术方法体系和环境空气质量评价技术方法体系。 China should speed up the research and development on air monitoring equipment in line with the rising demand after the country puts in place stricter air quality standards. The equipment and technologies that China is using to monitor PM2.5 -- fine particles 2.5 microns or less in diameter -- are mainly from other countries. 按照国家实施严格的空气质量标准后需求的不断增加，中国应该加快研发环境空气监测设备。目前中国使用的PM2.5（大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物）监测设备和技术主要是依赖进口。 China's Cabinet, the State Council, on Wednesday passed revised air quality standards which include an index for the concentration of PM2.5. The monitoring will cover 113 model cities on the state environmental protection list and all cities in 2015. 国务院通过修订《环境空气质量标准》，将PM2.5浓度指数纳入了监测范围。到2015年，监测将覆盖113个国家环保名单中的样板城市和所有的地级城市。 China needs to invest 2 billion yuan (317 million U.S. dollars) on equipment and technologies to build such a nation-wide monitoring network. With sufficient technical and financial support, China is capable of developing its own advanced air monitoring equipment with intellectual property rights. 要建成实现这一目标的全国性的监测覆盖网络，技术设备投资预计需要20亿人民币。配以足够的技术资金支持，中国是有能力发展拥有自主知识产权的先进的空气监测设备。 5. 可入肺颗粒物 PM2.5 particulate matter 近日，大雾笼罩华北地区，空气质量、雾霾、口罩、PM2.5再次成为了公众关注的焦点话题。12月5日，《环境空气质量标准》二次公开征求意见截止。征求意见期间收到了1500多条反馈意见，普遍赞成将PM2.5作为一般评价项目纳入空气质量标准，并根据不同地区的实际情况分步实施。 《中国日报》 Longtime exposure to particulate matter especially the particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which can go directly to the alveoli of the lungs, is a major health hazard. 专家称，长时间呼吸空气中的颗粒物，特别是直径小于2.5微米的可入肺颗粒物（PM2.5）对人体健康危害很大。 文PM2.5就是指“可入肺颗粒物”，PM的英文全称为particulate matter（微粒物、悬浮微粒），PM2.5就是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物，可直接进入人体的alveoli of the lungs（肺泡），也称为“可入肺颗粒物”，它的直径还不到人头发丝粗细的1/20。PM2.5主要来自vehicle exhaust（机动车尾气尘）、燃油尘、硫酸盐、餐饮油烟尘、建筑水泥尘、煤烟尘和硝酸盐等。 PM2.5粒径小，这种fine particles（细微颗粒）富含大量的toxic and harmful substance（有毒、有害物质）且在大气中的停留时间长、输送距离远，因而对人体健康和大气环境质量的影响更大。今后，使用PM2.5 measurement（PM2.5标准）进行air quality monitoring（空气质量监测）正成为全球趋势。 6. 弱势群体 vulnerable groups 《中国日报》 "Also, public attitude is inclined to sympathize with vulnerable groups," Xie said, adding that public opinion would eventually influence public policy. 上海发展战略研究所谢耘耕说：“而且，公众态度倾向于同情弱势群体。”他补充说，舆论将最终影响国家政策。 vulnerable groups也可译为disadvantaged groups。 报告指出，cyber opinions/public opinion on the Internet（网络民意）很多时候可以直接或间接推动事件进展和矛盾解决，有助于克服决策过程中的information asymmetry（信息不对称）等难题。这里的cyber opinion（网络民意）就是借助或通过网络这一信息平台所反映出的社会公众思想、舆论的趋向和导向。 7. “工资收入差距”扩大 gap in wages 老生常谈了，常用来表达“收入差距”的短语有income divide和income disparity，其中后者着重强调“因不公平对待而产生的差距”。 几个注意点 “中等收入陷阱”middle income trap 就是指“中等收入陷阱”，是指当一个国家的人均收入达到中等水平，由于不能顺利实现经济发展方式的转变，导致经济增长动力不足，最终出现经济停滞的一种状态。 类似用法 比如death trap（危险场所）、poverty trap（贫困陷阱）、speed trap（汽车超速监视区）、tourist trap（旅游陷阱，如敲诈游客的旅店或商品）等等。目前，有经济学家认为，全球货币体系已经掉进dollar trap（美元陷阱）。 自改革开放以来，我国经济发展一直保持strong momentum（强劲势头），然而这种galloping economy（飞速发展的经济）也伴随着一些负面问题，比如wide income inequality（收入差距增大）、high environmental costs（较高的环境代价）、inadequate domestic spending（国内消费不足）等等。专家分析认为，将中国的经济发展模式转变为sustainable pattern（可持续发展模式）是避免这一问题的关键。 灰色收入 off-the-books income 新华社 Wen also vowed to crack down on and ban illegal income, regulate off-the-books income, gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution, and resolutely reverse the widening income gap. 温总理还承诺将严禁和打击非法收入，规范灰色收入，逐渐建立透明、公正、合理的收入分配模式，坚决扭转收入差距扩大的趋势。 off-the-books income是没有入账的、用以逃税的正常管理之外的收入。Books在这里是“账簿”的意思，off-the-books也就是指“不入账的”。“黑色收入”是illegal income（不法收入）；“白色收入”是legitimate income（合法、合理的收入）；灰色收入是介于这两者之间的收入。 8. 车牌摇号 license-plate lottery 《中国日报》 Starting on Friday,12.14, car registration will be allocated by a license-plate lottery system. 从周五（12月24日）开始，车辆登记将采用车牌摇号的方式进行。 license-plate lottery就是指“车牌摇号”，今后买车需要先提出摇号申请，获取申请码，确认有效后可获得摇号机会。购买机动车都须进行car/vehicle registration（车辆登记）。此次政策推出后，也有不少人担心会推热对license-plate（车牌）的炒作。此次车市“限购”，引发了一股buying spree（抢购风）。。 9 见7 10. 公立医院改革 public hospital reform 2010年首个政策事件出台：国务院原则通过了公立医院改革试点的指导意见，决定按照先行试点、逐步推开的原则，并逐步取消药品加成。 新华社 China has decided to start public hospital reform with pilot programs in selected cities or districts in each province, autonomous region and municipality, according to a cabinet guideline passed Wednesday. 国务院本周三出台的指导意见提出，我国已决定在各省、自治区、直辖市中选取部分城市或辖区率先进行公立医院改革试点。 文中的public hospital reform就是指“公立医院改革”，其中的public hospital就是指“公立医院”，与之对应的则是private hospital（私营医院）。此次实行的改革是一次pilot program（试点项目），将极大改进medical service system（医疗服务体系），改善doctor-patient relationship（医患关系）。 此次改革后，医院将逐步取消profiting from drugs（药品加成）。在职职工一般都参加了basic medical insurance（基本医疗保险），农村也已建立了new type of rural cooperative medical care system（新型农村合作医疗制度）。去年，我国还公布了essential medicines list（基本药物清单），对部分药品进行限价。在医疗机构中，illegal medical practice（非法行医）将受到严惩。 还有几个盲点词· “医疗游客”medical tourist 例Estimates say that 1 in 30 Argentines has gone under the knife, making surgeons here some of the most experienced on the globe, attracting large number of medical tourists. 据估计每30个阿根廷人里就有一个人做过（整形）手术，这也使当地产生了世界上手术技巧最娴熟的一些整形医师，并因此吸引了大批医疗游客。 medical tourist指那些到技术精湛的国家就医，顺便到当地旅游的人。Medical tourism和medical travel都属于medical tour（医疗旅游），但是和medical tourist不同，medical traveler（医疗旅者）是指那些因为危急疾病到国外求医的病人，一般没有闲情参观国外的名胜。相比之下，medical tourist所要治疗的都是不危及生命的身体缺憾，大部分时间都是在旅游。 基本药物 essential medicine 指satisfy healthcare needs and are available to the public at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosages.（适应我国基本医疗卫生需求，能够保障供应，剂型适宜的药品）。这一制度是medical reform program（医药体制改革）的一部分，有利于转变“以药补医”机制，ease the financial burden on citizens（减轻群众用药负担）。今年年底之前，grassroots clinics（社区卫生站）将全部配备基本药物。 生产厂商今后仍可确定基本药物的market price（市场价格），但不应高于recommended retail price（建议零售价），此次价格调整主要针对high-margin pharmacies（高利润药品）。 临时医院 makeshift hospital 。Makeshift的意思是“权宜的，临时代用的”。例：a makeshift refugee camp（临时难民营）。地震现场除了搭建临时医院，还会搭建makeshift shelter（简易过渡房）。 非法行医 illegal medical practice 2012其他热词 ： 1社会保障livelihood issues 2收入分配distribution of wealth 3社会管理social management 食品安全 supervision on food safety 医疗改革 medical reform 反贪污 anti-corruption
标签: 2012